Challenge: there’s no designated isolation facility
In some clinics or shelters, a dedicated isolation room may not be available due to space limitations or building layout, or it may already be at full capacity with other patients requiring isolation. However, this does not eliminate the need for rapid containment of contagious animals.
Isolation doesn’t just mean a physical space; it also means protocols and action-driven practices which are vital to protect both the animals and humans in any facility.
Though the best solution is to have a separate designated area, any form of containment is better than none. The priority is to act quickly and implement precautions that minimise the risk of transmission. Even temporary setups must be treated with the same discipline as if it were a permanent isolation space.
As with formal isolation areas, when creating a temporary isolation space, always ensure:
- Dedicated equipment: PPE, bowls, bedding, and cleaning supplies
- Clear signage: mark the area clearly, using signage to indicate restricted access and alert staff to the isolation status
- Staff communication: ensure all team members are informed about the case and understand the protocols in place
Two practical options include:
Create a makeshift isolation zone within the existing kennel area
A section of the kennel area can be taped off and treated as a temporary isolation zone. Choose a kennel at the end of the row or in a quiet corner, and establish a barrier using tape, temporary fencing, or plastic sheeting.
To reduce exposure:
- Leave empty kennels on either side to create some distance and a buffer between the isolating patient and other animals
- Avoid housing animals directly opposite the isolation area to reduce the risk of transmission
- Restrict foot traffic nearby
Temporarily convert an existing room
If a suitable room is available, it may be converted into a temporary isolation space. Ideal rooms for this purpose include unused examination or treatment rooms, although offices may also be considered if necessary. Large items and furniture (e.g. scales, chairs, tables) should be removed to simplify cleaning and reduce contamination risk. This option may be less favourable if the room cannot be fully cleared, as the presence of furniture and equipment makes thorough cleaning and disinfection more difficult.
The space should:
- Be out of the way, have minimal traffic, and not be a “through” room (i.e. not a hallway or main consult room)
- Have a door that can be fully closed
- Be easy to clean and disinfect with minimal or removable furniture and equipment
- Be cleared of all non-essential equipment and furniture
Challenge: you realise the animal is infectious after it is admitted to the clinic
If this happens, immediate action is required to minimise the risk of spreading disease. Isolate the animal as soon as possible, then ensure:
- Prompt environmental cleaning and disinfection. Thoroughly clean and disinfect any areas the animal has been in, as well as any surfaces or equipment it may have contaminated. This includes consultation tables, kennels, floors, waiting areas, corridors, and equipment. Use an appropriate disinfectant that is effective against the suspected pathogen.
- Hand hygiene. Perform immediate hand hygiene using soap and water or an alcohol-based hand rub if soap and water is not available. Hand hygiene should be repeated after any contact with the animal or the contaminated environment.
- Personal protective equipment (PPE) and clothing. Remove and safely dispose of any contaminated PPE (gloves, aprons, etc.). Change clothing or scrubs before handling any other patients if there's any risk of contamination.
- Inform staff. Communicate with relevant team members so they are aware of the exposure and can take appropriate precautions. If necessary, consider monitoring other exposed patients and assessing staff exposure, particularly where a zoonotic disease is suspected. Update medical records with relevant warnings or information.